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#246326 - 05/22/07 01:55 PM
White people
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Gay For Pay
Registered: 02/02/06
Posts: 911
Loc: cobra on my left, leopard on m...
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Recently I was joking around with a coworker, and made a remark characterising her as a "typical white girl". She then corrected me, saying she wasn't in fact white... citing her surname, Sanchez, as proof. I then appologized for not realizing she was Mexican. She then corrected me again , informing that she wasn't Mexican, but rather Spanish!
Now I know for a fact that Spain is still considered part of Europe. And I've always equated "white" with peoples of European descent. But am I mistaken here? Are Spaniards not considered "white"? Does the term "white" only apply to northern Europeans, and so exclude the Iberian peninsula or countries bordering the Mediterranean? This needs to be cleared up if we're ever to fulfill Dr. King's dream of racial harmony.
_________________________
"We had part of a Slinky - but I straightened it."
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#246327 - 05/22/07 01:58 PM
Re: White people
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Human Garbage
Registered: 06/23/06
Posts: 1557
Loc: New York
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Spaniards are cuacasian. Hispanics are not.
_________________________
"This thing is ready to do damage!"
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#246334 - 05/23/07 12:01 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
Spaniards are cuacasian. Hispanics are not.
Let's see... all Spaniards are caucasian, but not all caucasians are spaniards... no, try again...
All spaniards are hispanics but not all hispanics are spaniards...
If all spaniards are hispanics, then all spaniards are not caucasian...
You go figure it out, I can't...
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#246337 - 05/23/07 12:53 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
vanessa your posts make me want to....
Would never have happened if he had been smoking something that night...
I see you have been busy on the JFK case. This may prove to be the missing evidence re my theory about the magic bullet. Good work!
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#246340 - 05/23/07 05:53 PM
Re: White people
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Porn Fucking Master
Registered: 02/23/05
Posts: 3724
Loc: Paddling my canoe in the wild
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Quote:
Quote:
Quote:
Spaniards are cuacasian. Hispanics are not.
Let's see... all Spaniards are caucasian, but not all caucasians are spaniards... no, try again...
All spaniards are hispanics but not all hispanics are spaniards...
If all spaniards are hispanics, then all spaniards are not caucasian...
You go figure it out, I can't...
Spaniards are Hispanic.
How can that be? Moxie said they weren't and he says he's a lawyer!
Quote:
Hispanic: Things or people that come from Spain or Spanish-speaking Latin America.
source
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Hispanic: person of Latin American or Spanish descent.
source
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related to a Spanish-speaking people or culture; "the Hispanic population of California is growing rapidly"
Spanish American: an American whose first language is Spanish
source
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Hispanic, as used in the United States, is one of several terms used to categorize native and naturalized U.S. citizens, permanent residents and temporary immigrants, whose background hail either from Spain, the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America or the original settlers of the traditionally Spanish-held Southwestern United States. ...
source
Quote:
Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting
Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity
...
The standards have five categories for data on race: American Indian or Alaska Native,
Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and White. There
are two categories for data on ethnicity: "Hispanic or Latino," and "Not Hispanic or Latino."
...
Hispanic or Latino. A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central
American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. The term, “Spanish
origin,†can be used in addition to “Hispanic or Latino.â€
source
Quote:
His·pan·ic
–adjective
1. Spanish.
2. Latin American: the United States and its Hispanic neighbors.
–noun
3. Also, Hispano. Also called Hispanic American, Hispano-American. an American citizen or resident of Spanish or Latin-American descent.
source
Quote:
Though often used interchangeably in American English, Hispanic and Latino are not identical terms, and in certain contexts the choice between them can be significant. Hispanic, from the Latin word for "Spain," has the broader reference, potentially encompassing all Spanish-speaking peoples in both hemispheres and emphasizing the common denominator of language among communities that sometimes have little else in common. Latino—which in Spanish means "Latin" but which as an English word is probably a shortening of the Spanish word latinoamericano—refers more exclusively to persons or communities of Latin American origin. Of the two, only Hispanic can be used in referring to Spain and its history and culture; a native of Spain residing in the United States is a Hispanic, not a Latino, and one cannot substitute Latino in the phrase the Hispanic influence on native Mexican cultures without garbling the meaning. ...
source
Edited by soopergrizz (05/23/07 06:11 PM)
_________________________
You're all still alive?
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#246343 - 05/23/07 09:50 PM
Re: White people
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Max Hardcore Prison Bitch
Registered: 08/18/05
Posts: 285
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Hispanic is a linguistic term coined by the Nixon Administration to classify the Spanish speaking people that were migrating to the country. It was intended to distinguish them from the Anglo majority. Hispanics can be of any race. They can be as light as Cameron Diaz or (Avy Lee Roth) and as dark as Sammy Sosa (or Havana Ginger).
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#246345 - 05/24/07 08:02 AM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
According to Wikipedia Etymologically, the term Hispano/Hispanic is derived from Hispania (whose meaning and derivation is uncertain), the name given by the Romans to the entire Iberian Peninsula — modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar — during the period of the Roman Republic.
Can I get extra credit for time spent on xpt?
The Romans spoke LATIN and LATIN had to be spoken wherever they went. It changed the local languages and cultures so much that some are still classified as LATIN countries. Italy, France, Spain, Portugal are the original LATINOS.
Then the Spanish and Portugese (LATINOS) came to America and had their way with the native "Indians". They were either killed or converted to Christianity and of course forced to speak the language (and culture) of the invaders. Some of South-America (as official language) speaks Spanish (which would make them Hispanics), the rest speak Portugues (which sounds similar but is entirely different). Striclty speaking, Brasilians are not Hispanics. Thankfully the bible was written in LATIN and all of South America became LATIN.
The invaders never left, but to this day there remains a devide between those whose ancestry is primarily Spanish and Portugese (LATIN), or local (SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN).
The good thing is that whatever place you come from and whatever names you call each others in that part of the world - once you come to America nobody cares. Which also means, nobody wants to know. We all came from somewhere... it doesn't matter - at least, it shouldn't matter.
You are in the USA. Be American. Speak American. Procreate. Post on xpt. Live and let live.
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#246347 - 05/24/07 09:29 AM
Re: White people
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Porn Fucking Master
Registered: 10/30/06
Posts: 3812
Loc: Neither here, nor there.
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Quote:
Quote:
You are in the USA. Be American. Speak American. Procreate. Post on xpt. Live and let live.
What is the definition of irony?
i·ro·ny1 /ˈaɪrəni, ˈaɪər-/
–noun, plural -nies.
1. the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning: the irony of her reply, “How nice!†when I said I had to work all weekend.
2. Literature.
a. a technique of indicating, as through character or plot development, an intention or attitude opposite to that which is actually or ostensibly stated.
b. (esp. in contemporary writing) a manner of organizing a work so as to give full expression to contradictory or complementary impulses, attitudes, etc., esp. as a means of indicating detachment from a subject, theme, or emotion.
3. Socratic irony.
4. dramatic irony.
5. an outcome of events contrary to what was, or might have been, expected.
6. the incongruity of this.
7. an objectively sardonic style of speech or writing.
8. an objectively or humorously sardonic utterance, disposition, quality, etc.
9. Transsexual procreation... or is that an oxymoron?
_________________________
"You know this is XXXPornTalk.com right? You sound like an ADT person. I want to poop on you." -Malice
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#246348 - 05/24/07 09:41 AM
Re: White people
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Porn Jesus
Registered: 07/20/03
Posts: 5256
Loc: CSW Wrestling - Gracie Academy
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Quote:
The Romans spoke LATIN and LATIN had to be spoken wherever they went. It changed the local languages and cultures so much that some are still classified as LATIN countries. Italy, France, Spain, Portugal are the original LATINOS.
Source?
Quote:
Then the Spanish and Portugese (LATINOS) came to America and had their way with the native "Indians". They were either killed or converted to Christianity and of course forced to speak the language (and culture) of the invaders. Some of South-America (as official language) speaks Spanish (which would make them Hispanics), the rest speak Portugues (which sounds similar but is entirely different). Striclty speaking, Brasilians are not Hispanics. Thankfully the bible was written in LATIN and all of South America became LATIN.
Brazil is the only country that speaks Portuguese (some of the words are identical to Spanish) the rest speak Spanish.
Being Colombian, we do not or ever have identified ourselves as Hispanic. The Old Testament was written in Hebrew while the New Testament was written in Koine Greek, not Latin.
Quote:
The invaders never left, but to this day there remains a devide between those whose ancestry is primarily Spanish and Portugese (LATIN), or local (SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN).
Wrong. After 300+ yrs. of occupation, there was so much mixing its virtually impossible to determine your ancestry.
The local indigenous people still speak their native language and are not Latin or Hispanic.
Quote:
The good thing is that whatever place you come from and whatever names you call each others in that part of the world - once you come to America nobody cares. Which also means, nobody wants to know. We all came from somewhere... it doesn't matter - at least, it shouldn't matter.
It does. Hyde's ignorance was he assumed the girl he spoke with was "your typical white girl" based on her appearance. Then yet assumed again, she was Mexican because of her last name. Your way off target. It does matter what we call and identify ourselves with. Based on your statement, if someone called you a dude with tits; it shouldn't matter cause no one really cares.
Quote:
You are in the USA. Be American. Speak American. Procreate. Post on xpt. Live and let live.
You mean speak English. You just reminded me of the ignorant people who walk up to me and say "Do you speak Mexican?" Its like Hyde's original post.
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#246351 - 05/24/07 10:40 AM
Re: White people
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Porn Fucking Master
Registered: 02/23/05
Posts: 3724
Loc: Paddling my canoe in the wild
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You don't need to be homophobic to hate Vanessa.
_________________________
You're all still alive?
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#246352 - 05/24/07 11:13 AM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Touchy fellow... that's why you don't want to mess with Colombians especially if they are raised and educated in the US.
Seriously, if you want to go through this point-by-point you can email me on my private mail... I promise I will respond respectfully.
If not, let’s wait until you finish your degree from Shittypedia.
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#246354 - 05/24/07 11:47 AM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
Quote:
If not, let’s wait until you finish your degree from Shittypedia.
HAR HAR (Sorry Mia) you have jokes. I didn't get my info from wikipedia, some of it yes; but not the majority. Most of your post doesn't make sense. If your going to say something significant, make sure your facts are accurate. I don't profess to be an expert on Hispanics, but your statements are way off. There's no way you can know more about it than me. You don't live it and breathe it. Its like me making a general state me about transgender people. I don't live that lifestyle or know any to make such claims.
All right, I tried to be nice. I really don't have time right now but I will get back to you on this... in the meantime start reading about the bible the conquistadors used... don't worry when you start flushing and sweating... we all make mistakes. Except me, of course.
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#246356 - 05/24/07 12:47 PM
Re: White people
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AC Cream Wannabe
Registered: 12/18/06
Posts: 549
Loc: Pittsburgh Pa
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...Mistakes....your talking about grammer mistakes that IT made......fuck the grammer mistakes the biggest mistake he made was mutilating his penis into a hatchet wound...the second biggest mistake he made was comming here with an inflated ego...
_________________________
"Alexis Bledel, aka Rory Gilmore. I wanna do her and Lauren Graham at the same time...but only if they stay in mother/daughter character...or else it's the rubber hose for the both of 'em." ~Vizzle
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#246357 - 05/24/07 01:00 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
You've made several grammatical errors as well as factual. No one is counting those anyway.
Promise me you won't grade me on this one?
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#246358 - 05/24/07 01:02 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
...Mistakes....your talking about grammer mistakes that IT made......fuck the grammer mistakes the biggest mistake he made was mutilating his penis into a hatchet wound...the second biggest mistake he made was comming here with an inflated ego...
lol, good oldToole is firing on all cylinders today. How's work on the farm coming along? Got that old pickup truck fixed?
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#246359 - 05/24/07 01:07 PM
Re: White people
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AC Cream Wannabe
Registered: 12/18/06
Posts: 549
Loc: Pittsburgh Pa
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fuck you...i do not live on a farm...but keep thinking i am some white trash hick, and i will continue to keep thinking you are a silly man who wishes he could bleed out his vagina once a month but cant...
_________________________
"Alexis Bledel, aka Rory Gilmore. I wanna do her and Lauren Graham at the same time...but only if they stay in mother/daughter character...or else it's the rubber hose for the both of 'em." ~Vizzle
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#246360 - 05/24/07 06:18 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
Quote:
You are in the USA. Be American. Speak American. Procreate. Post on xpt. Live and let live.
What is the definition of irony?
Like I was drafting the constitution. Feel free to replace Procreate with Fornicate.
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#246361 - 05/25/07 02:43 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
Sergio wrote: "You mean speak English. You just reminded me of the ignorant people who walk up to me and say "Do you speak Mexican?"
Sergio, I was fooling around mostly based on my assumption that we all agreed that racial designations are not a very good way to find common ground between people. I am fluent in several languages (unfortunately not in Spanish) so I have some idea of what I am trying to say when I say "speak American". But, with your reaction you demanded that I shall take this all seriously, so here are the answers to the questions you asked me:
LATIN LANGUAGE
Originally spoken by small groups of people living along the lower Tiber River, Latin spread with the increase of Roman political power, first throughout Italy and then throughout most of western and southern Europe and the central and western Mediterranean coastal regions of Africa. The modern Romance languages developed from the spoken Latin of various parts of the Roman Empire. During the Middle Ages and until comparatively recent times, Latin was the language most widely used in the West for scholarly and literary purposes. Until the latter part of the 20th century its use was required in the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church.
The oldest example of Latin extant, perhaps dating to the 7th century BC, consists of a four-word inscription in Greek characters on a cloak pin; this text shows the preservation of full vowels in unstressed syllables in contrast to the language in later times, which has reduced vowels. Early Latin had a stress accent on the first syllable of a word, in contrast to the Latin of the republican and imperial periods, in which the accent fell on either the next or second to the last syllable of a word.
Latin of the Classical period had six regularly used cases in the declension of nouns and adjectives (nominative, vocative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative), with traces of a locative case in some declensional classes of nouns. Except for the i-stem and consonant stem declensional classes, which it combines into one group (listed in grammar books as the third declension), Latin kept distinct most of the declensional classes inherited from Indo-European.
During the Classical period there were at least three types of Latin in use: Classical written Latin, Classical oratorical Latin, and the ordinary colloquial Latin used by the average speaker of the language. Spoken Latin continued to change, and it diverged more and more from the Classical norms in grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary. During the Classical and immediate post-Classical periods, numerous inscriptions provide the major source for spoken Latin, but, after the 3rd century AD, many texts in a popular style, usually called Vulgar Latin, were written. Such writers as St. Jerome and St. Augustine, however, in the late 4th and early 5th centuries, wrote good literary Late Latin.
Subsequent development of Latin continued in two ways. First, the language developed on the basis of local spoken forms and evolved into the modern Romance languages and dialects. Second, the language continued in a more or less standardized form throughout the Middle Ages as the language of religion and scholarship; in this form it had great influence on the development of the West European languages. See also Vulgar Latin.
Vulgar Latin: spoken form of non-Classical Latin from which originated the Romance group of languages. Vulgar Latin was primarily the speech of the middle classes in Rome and the Roman provinces; it is derived from Classical Latin but varied across Roman-occupied areas according to the extent of education of the population, communication with Rome, and the original languages of the local populations. As the Roman Empire disintegrated and the Christian Church became the chief unifying force in southern and western Europe, communication and education declined and regional variation in pronunciation and grammar increased until gradually, after about 600, local forms of Vulgar Latin were no longer mutually intelligible and were thereafter to be considered separate Romance languages.
Though it is quite clear which languages can be classified as Romance, on the basis primarily of lexical (vocabulary) and morphological (structural) similarities, the subgrouping of the languages within the family is less straightforward. Most classifications are, overtly or covertly, historico-geographic—so that Spanish, Portuguese, and Catalan are Ibero-Romance; French, Occitan, and Franco-Provençal are Gallo-Romance; and so on. Shared features in each subgroup that are not seen in other such groups are assumed to be ultimately traceable to languages spoken before Romanization. The first subdivision of the Romance area is usually into West and East Romance, with a dividing line drawn across Italy between La Spezia and Rimini. On the basis of a few heterogeneous phonetic features, one theory maintains that separation into dialects began early, with the Eastern dialect areas (including central and south Italy) developing popular features and the school-influenced Western speech areas maintaining more literary standards. Beyond this, the substrata (indigenous languages eventually displaced by Latin) and superstrata (languages later superimposed on Latin by conquerors) are held to have occasioned further subdivisions. Within such a schema there remain problem cases. Is Catalan, for instance, Ibero-Romance or Gallo-Romance, given that its medieval literary language was close to Provençal? Do the Rhaetian dialects group together, even though the dialects found in Italy are closer to Italian and the Swiss ones closer to French? Sardinian is generally regarded as linguistically separate, its isolation from the rest of the Roman Empire by incorporation into the Vandal kingdom in the mid-5th century providing historical support for the thesis. The exact position of Dalmatian in any classification is open to dispute.
SPANISH
Spanish, the Romance language spoken as a first language by the most people in the world, is the (or an) official language of 19 American countries as well as of Spain and Equatorial Guinea. Although many South and Central Americans use native Indian languages as their first language, Spanish is continuing to spread. Estimated numbers of speakers are as follows (in order of numerical importance): Mexico, 85 million; Colombia, 35 million; Argentina, 33 million; Spain, 29 million; Venezuela, 21 million; United States and Peru, 19 million; Chile, 13 million; Cuba, 11 million; Ecuador, 10.8 million; Dominican Republic, 7.3 million; Guatemala, 7 million; El Salvador, 5.9 million; Honduras, 5.5 million; Nicaragua, 4 million; Costa Rica, 3.3 million; Bolivia 3.2 million; Uruguay, 3 million; Puerto Rico and Panama, 2 million; Paraguay, 320,000. (The number of Spanish speakers in Equatorial Guinea is not available.) There are also 160,000 Judeo-Spanish speakers.
The dialect spoken by nearly all Spanish speakers is basically Castilian, and indeed Castellano is still the name used for the language in several American countries. The other languages spoken in Spain include Aragonese, Bable (Asturian) Basque, Catalan, Galician, and Valencian. The now-unchallenged ascendancy of Castilian among Spanish dialects is the result of the particular circumstances of the Reconquista (the conquest of Moorish Spain by the Christian states of Spain, completed in 1492), with which the language spread to the south. Having established itself in Spain, the Castilian dialect, possibly in its southern, or Andalusian, form, was then exported to the New World during the 16th century.
PORTUGUESE
Portuguese owes its importance (as the second Romance language [after Spanish] in terms of numbers of speakers) largely to its position as the language of Brazil, where more than 150 million people speak it. In Portugal itself there are about 10 million speakers. The Galician (Gallego, Galego) language of northwestern Spain is historically a Portuguese dialect, though now much influenced by the standard Castilian Spanish; about 2.5 million speakers use Galician as their home language. It is estimated that there are also some 4.6 million Portuguese speakers in Africa (some of whom also use creole) and about 500,000 in the United States.
There are five main Portuguese dialect groups, all mutually intelligible: (1) Northern, or Galician, (2) Central, or Beira, (3) Southern (Estremenho, including Lisbon, Alentejo, and Algarve), (4) Insular, including the dialects of Madeira and the Azores, and (5) Brazilian. Standard Portuguese was developed in the 16th century, basically from the dialects spoken from Lisbon to Coimbra. Brazilian (Brasileiro) differs from the Portuguese spoken in Portugal in several respects, in syntax as well as phonology and vocabulary, but many writers still use an academic metropolitan standard. A creolized form, once widespread in Brazil, seems now to be dying out. A Judeo-Portuguese is attested in 18th-century Amsterdam and Livorno (Leghorn, Italy), but virtually no trace of that dialect remains today.
In the region of northwestern Spain that adjoins Portugal, the Galician dialects lack uniformity and are closer to Spanish. Even in Castile, where standard Spanish (Castilian) originated, Galician was the conventional language of the courtly lyric until roughly 1400, but it lost ground in the 15th century, and Castilian replaced Galician as the official language of Galicia in 1500. Dialect poetry in Galician has flourished from the 18th century, with an upsurge in the 19th century.
Until the 15th century, Portuguese and Galician formed one single linguistic unit, Gallego-Portuguese. The first evidence for the language consists of scattered words in 9th–12th-century Latin texts; continuous documents date from approximately 1192, the date assigned to an extant property agreement between the children of a well-to-do family from the Minho River valley.
Literature began to flourish especially during the 13th and 14th centuries, when the soft Gallego-Portuguese tongue was preferred by courtly lyric poets throughout the Iberian Peninsula except in the Catalan area. In the 16th century, Portugal's golden age, Galician and Portuguese grew further apart, with the consolidation of the standard Portuguese language. From the 16th to the 18th century, Galician was used only as a home language (i.e., as a means of communication within the family). Toward the end of the 18th century, it was revived as a language of culture. Today, with Spanish, it is an official language of the comunidad autónoma (“autonomous communityâ€) of Galicia.
LATIN BIBLE
Quote:
Sergio wrote: “The Old Testament was written in Hebrew while the New Testament was written in Koine Greek, not Latin.â€
Vanessa: “But that’s not the bible that was used by the conquistadores.â€
Vulgate (from the Latin editio vulgata: “common versionâ€), Latin Bible used by the Roman Catholic Church, primarily translated by St. Jerome. In 382 Pope Damasus commissioned Jerome, the leading biblical scholar of his day, to produce an acceptable Latin version of the Bible from the various translations then being used. His revised Latin translation of the Gospels appeared about 383. Using the Septuagint Greek version of the Old Testament, he produced new Latin translations of the Psalms (the so-called Gallican Psalter), the Book of Job, and some other books. Later, he decided that the Septuagint was unsatisfactory and began translating the entire Old Testament from the original Hebrew versions, a process that he completed about 405.
Jerome's translation was not immediately accepted, but from the mid-6th century a complete Bible with all the separate books bound in a single cover was commonly used. It usually contained Jerome's Old Testament translation from the Hebrew, except for the Psalms; his Gallican Psalter; his translation of the books of Tobias (Tobit) and Judith (apocryphal in the Jewish and Protestant canons); and his revision of the Gospels. The remainder of the New Testament was taken from older Latin versions, which may have been slightly revised by Jerome. Certain other books found in the Septuagint—the Apocrypha for Protestants and Jews; the deuterocanonical books for Roman Catholics—were included from older versions.
Various editors and correctors produced revised texts of the Vulgate over the years. The University of Paris produced an important edition in the 13th century. Its primary purpose was to provide an agreed standard for theological teaching and debate. The earliest printed Vulgate Bibles were all based on this Paris edition.
In 1546 the Council of Trent decreed that the Vulgate was the exclusive Latin authority for the Bible, but it required also that it be printed with the fewest possible faults. The so-called Clementine Vulgate, issued by Pope Clement VIII in 1592, became the authoritative biblical text of the Roman Catholic Church. From it the Confraternity Version was translated in 1941.
Various critical editions have been produced in modern times; in 1965 a commission was established by the second Vatican Council to revise the Vulgate.
RACE IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA
Quote:
Sergio wrote: “After 300+ yrs. of occupation, there was so much mixing its virtually impossible to determine your ancestry.
The local indigenous people still speak their native language and are not Latin or Hispanic.â€
Vanessa: “How would you know that they are local indigenous people if you say it’s impossible to determine their ancestry? Of course you can determine it. Besides, all it takes is often one look at the face and you know if it’s an Indio, just as an example, or somebody of African descent. There has been interbreeding with the Spanish and Portuguese and whoever else got off those ships – including a large number of slaves from Africa, from the very first day those ships got here. But the sad truth remains that if you are somebody with primarily local ancestry (and often the only thing bigoted people care about is if your face looks like it) you are often discriminated against by those with more Caucasian descent.
It’s a division that you will find in many countries in Latino-America. I truly believe that race should never be used to discriminate against people, but at the same time, we all know that racism is an unfortunate reality – and not only in the US. Colombia is no exception.â€
COLUMBIA:
The only American nation that is named for Christopher Columbus, the “discoverer†of the New World, Colombia presents a remarkable study in contrasts, in both its geography and its society.
Colombia strongly reflects its history as a colony of Spain. It is often referred to as the most Roman Catholic of the South American countries, and most of its people are proud of the relative purity of their Spanish language.
Its population is heavily mestizo (of mixed European and Indian descent) with substantial minorities of European and African ancestry. The economy is traditionally based on agriculture, particularly coffee and fruit production, but industries and services are increasing in importance. Colombia is the most populous nation of Spanish-speaking South America. More than one-third of its inhabitants live in the six largest metropolitan areas, of which Bogotá is the largest.
The nation's political instability has been historically tied to the unequal distribution of wealth, and the illicit trade in drugs (mainly cocaine) remains a major disruptive factor in Colombian life.
HISPANICS:
Quote:
Sergio wrote: Being Colombian, we do not or ever have identified ourselves as Hispanic.
Vanessa: “I don’t doubt that to be true. But these are the generic words that we use here in the US trying to make some sense out of the myriad of ethnic, cultural and national groups that look at the US as their new homeland. Hispanic is just one of those umbrella terms… I believe that in a strict etymological interpretation it means “Spanish speaking peopleâ€, but according to the US Governemnt you may be hispanic even if you don’t speak Spanish. Those umbrella terms are rarely fair and always tend to upset someone who feels it doesn’t apply to them, but at some point we just have to loosely agree on some terms… until too many people complain and then somebody else comes up with a new, more politically correct word, which after a while has to be changed again, and again…â€
In the United States, before there was New England, there was New Spain; and before there was Boston, Mass., there was Santa Fe, N.M. The teaching of U.S. history normally emphasizes the founding and growth of the British colonies in North America, their emergence as an independent nation in 1776, and the development of the United States from east to west. This treatment easily omits the fact that there was significant colonization by Spain of what is now the American Southwest from the 16th century onward. It also tends to ignore, until the Mexican War is mentioned, that the whole Southwest, from Texas westward to California, was a Spanish-speaking territory with its own distinctive heritage, culture, and customs for many decades.
Mexican Americans include the descendants of the Spanish-speaking citizens of the United States who were incorporated into the country as a result of the Mexican War, as well as the many Mexicans who have immigrated to the United States since then. Other Spanish-speaking citizens have come from Cuba and Puerto Rico, and smaller numbers are immigrants from Central and South America and from the Dominican Republic. Taken together, these people are called Hispanics, or Latinos.
Perhaps most striking was the growth in the country's number of Hispanics, defined by the U.S. government as a “person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin,†regardless of skin colour. From 1990 to 2000 the Hispanic population in the United States rose by nearly 60 percent, from 22.4 million in 1990 to 35.3 million in 2000, and some two in five Hispanics residing in the United States had been born outside the country. Each census respondent was asked, “Is this person Spanish/Hispanic/Latino?†and presented with five options:
1. No, not Spanish/Hispanic/Latino
2. Yes, Mexican, Mexican Am., Chicano
3. Yes, Puerto Rican
4. Yes, Cuban
5. Yes, other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino
Some 10 million people selected the “other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino†option—1.7 million from Central America, 1.4 million from South America, and more than 750,000 from the Dominican Republic, while most others did not specify a country of origin later in the questionnaire.
Demographers had long anticipated that Hispanics would supplant African Americans as the country's largest minority group, but this had not been predicted to happen until 2005. By the time of the 2000 census, however, the number of Hispanics in the United States had outpaced African Americans by more than half a million (35.3 million to 34.7 million), and it was predicted that the number of Hispanics in the United States would exceed 100 million and constitute nearly one-fourth of the total population by the mid-21st century. The Hispanic population was younger than the rest of the U.S. population; whereas about one in four non-Hispanics was under age 18, more than one in three Hispanics were 18 or younger. In addition, some 30 million U.S. residents spoke Spanish at home, with about half speaking English “very well.â€
Mexicans accounted for three-fifths of the country's total Hispanic population and were by far the largest group in the United States—their numbers soaring by more than 50 percent in the 1990s, from 13.5 million in 1990 to 20.6 million in 2000. Puerto Ricans (3.4 million) and Cubans (1.2 million) were the second and third largest groups, and their numbers also increased dramatically—by 25 percent and 19 percent, respectively. Smaller numbers of Hispanics hailed from Central and South America. The largest Central American groups were from El Salvador (more than 650,000) and Guatemala (more than 370,000); Colombians (470,000), Ecuadorans (260,000), and Peruvians (230,000) were the largest groups from South America.
Hispanics lived in all regions of the United States but made up the largest share of the overall population in the West, where nearly one in four residents was Hispanic. More than three-fourths of all Hispanics lived in the West or South, with more than half residing in California and Texas. Hispanics made up the largest share of the population of New Mexico, accounting for more than two in five residents, while they made up about one-third of the population of both California and Texas. The country's three largest Hispanic groups were concentrated in different parts of the country, with most Mexicans living in western states, most Puerto Ricans living in northeastern states, and most Cubans living in southern states (primarily Florida). Although Hispanics remained concentrated primarily in the Southwest, California, Florida, and New York, new immigrants from Mexico and Central America moved to states such as North Carolina, Georgia, and Iowa, where the Hispanic population was almost nonexistent in 1990. For example, in 1990 Hispanics made up 1.2 percent and 1.7 percent of the population in North Carolina and Georgia, respectively, but constituted nearly 5 percent and more than 5 percent in 2000 (the number of Hispanics in North Carolina increased by more than 1,000 percent between 1990 and 2000). Georgia and North Carolina also had the largest concentration of Hispanics who were foreign-born, with some three-fifths of Hispanics in both states born outside the United States.
In states such as Georgia and North Carolina, Hispanics became a mainstay in low-paying, labour-intensive industries, though they generally experienced a higher level of unemployment than whites. For example, Hispanics occupied some one-fourth of construction jobs, one-third of crop-production slots, and two-fifths of animal-processing and landscaping positions. Also, more than one in three persons employed in private households were Hispanic. In addition, more than one million Hispanics had served in the U.S. armed forces.
At the county level, Hispanics in 2000 made up the majority of the population in 50 of the country's some 4,000 counties, including 34 of 254 counties in Texas and 9 of 33 counties in New Mexico. Hispanics also accounted for more than one-fourth (but less than one-half) of the population in 152 counties. The county with the largest concentration of Hispanics was Los Angeles county, with more than four million Hispanics; counties with more than one million Hispanics included Miami-Dade (encompassing Miami) in Florida, Harris (Houston) in Texas, and Cook (Chicago) in Illinois.
At the city level, New York City had the largest number of Hispanics, with more than 2 million in 2000, accounting for 27 percent of the population. Los Angeles was second, with more than 1.7 million Hispanics, encompassing nearly half the total population. Other cities with large concentrations of Hispanics included Chicago and Houston, each with well over 700,000 Hispanic residents.
Like African-Americans, Hispanics (Latinos) make up about one-eighth of the U.S. population. Although they generally share Spanish as a second (and sometimes first) language, Hispanics are hardly a monolithic group. The majority, nearly three-fifths, are of Mexican origin—some descended from settlers in portions of the United States that were once part of Mexico (Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and California), others legal and illegal migrants from across the loosely guarded Mexico–U.S. border. The greater opportunities and higher living standards in the United States have long attracted immigrants from Mexico and Central America.
The Puerto Rican experience in the United States is markedly different from that of Mexican Americans. Most importantly, Puerto Ricans are American citizens by virtue of the island commonwealth's association with the United States. As a result, migration between Puerto Rico and the United States has been fairly fluid, mirroring the continuous process by which Americans have always moved to where chances seem best. While most of that migration traditionally has been toward the mainland, by the end of the 20th century in- and out-migration between the island and the United States equalized. Puerto Ricans now make up about one-tenth of the U.S. Latino population.
Quite different, though also Spanish-speaking, are the Cubans who fled Fidel Castro's communist revolution of 1959 and their descendants. While representatives of every social group are among them, the initial wave of Cubans was distinctive because of the large number of professional and middle-class people who migrated. Their social and political attitudes differ significantly from those of Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans, though this distinction was lessened by an influx of 120,000 Cuban refugees in the 1980s, known as the Mariel immigrants.
After 1960 easy air travel and political and economic instability stimulated a significant migration from the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. The arrivals from Latin America in earlier years were often political refugees, more recently they usually have been economic refugees. Constituting about one-fourth of the Hispanic diaspora, this group comprises largely Central Americans, Colombians, and Dominicans, the last of whom have acted as a bridge between the black and Latino communities. Latinos have come together for better health, housing, and municipal services, for bilingual school programs, and for improved educational and economic opportunities.
THE AMERICAN DREAM
According to Locke, in the hypothetical “state of nature†that precedes the creation of human societies, men live “equal one amongst another without subordination or subjection,†and they are perfectly free to act and to dispose of their possessions as they see fit, within the bounds of natural law. From these and other premises Locke draws the conclusion that political society—i.e., government—insofar as it is legitimate, represents a social contract among those who have “consented to make one Community or Government … wherein the Majority have a right to act and conclude the rest.†These two ideas—the consent of the governed and majority rule—became central to all subsequent theories of democracy. For Locke they are inextricably connected: “For if the consent of the majority shall not in reason, be received, as the act of the whole, and conclude every individual; nothing but the consent of every individual can make anything be the act of the whole: But such a consent is next to impossible ever to be had.†Thus no government is legitimate unless it enjoys the consent of the governed, and that consent cannot be rendered except through majority rule.
Given these conclusions, it is somewhat surprising that Locke's description of the different forms of government (he calls them “commonwealthsâ€) does not explicitly prescribe democracy as the only legitimate system. Writing in England in the 1680s, a generation after the Commonwealth ended with the restoration of the monarchy (1660), Locke was more circumspect than this. Nevertheless, a careful reading of the relevant passages of the Second Treatise shows that Locke remains true to his fundamental principle, that the only legitimate form of government is that based on the consent of the governed.
Locke differentiates the various forms of government on the basis of where the people choose to place the power to make laws. His categories are the traditional ones: If the people retain the legislative power for themselves, together with the power to appoint those who execute the laws, then “the Form of the Government is a perfect Democracy.†If they put the power “into the hands of a few select Men, and their Heirs or Successors, … then it is an Oligarchy: Or else into the hands of one Man, and then it is a Monarchy.†Nevertheless, his analysis is far more subversive of nondemocratic forms of government than it appears to be. For whatever the form of government, the ultimate source of sovereign power is the people, and all legitimate government must rest on their consent. Therefore, if a government abuses its trust and violates the people's fundamental rights—particularly the right to property—the people are entitled to rebel and replace that government with another to whose laws they can willingly give their consent. And who is to judge whether the government has abused its trust? Again, Locke is unequivocal: the people themselves are to make that judgment. Although he does not use the term, Locke thus unambiguously affirms the right of revolution against a despotic government.
Less than a century later, Locke's views were echoed in the famous words of the United States Declaration of Independence:
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, that whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.
Sources: Encyclopedia Britannica Online
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#246362 - 05/25/07 03:08 PM
Re: White people
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Porn Jesus
Registered: 08/09/06
Posts: 9113
Loc: red dirt state of mind
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This is spam and you are STRONGLY advised not to reply to this or any other posting by "vanessa". Please continue to observe this ostracism until notice of its banning or a its next john carves it up like a pumpkin. Feeding it or giving it the attention it craves will cause it to feel comfortable and open up to let it’s putrid subhuman thoughts infect this board. Thank you, have2cit.
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#246364 - 05/25/07 06:24 PM
Re: White people
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Gay For Pay
Registered: 02/02/06
Posts: 911
Loc: cobra on my left, leopard on m...
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Now that's a fucking unreadable post. Eat your heart out Burg!
_________________________
"We had part of a Slinky - but I straightened it."
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#246365 - 05/28/07 10:00 AM
Re: White people
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Porn Fucking Master
Registered: 10/30/06
Posts: 3812
Loc: Neither here, nor there.
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I have to give vanessa credit here, her copying/pasting skills are unparalleled.
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"You know this is XXXPornTalk.com right? You sound like an ADT person. I want to poop on you." -Malice
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#246366 - 05/28/07 10:02 AM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
I have to give vanessa credit here, her copying/pasting skills are unparalleled.
How are your reading skills holding up these days?
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#246369 - 05/28/07 05:42 PM
Re: White people
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Internet Tough Guy
Registered: 04/03/07
Posts: 786
Loc: on the dark side of the moon
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Quote:
Naaahhh. As impressive as "It" is, Luke's still got "It" beat, both in terms of quantity and quality
... and speed.
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